Abstract
Background: Rehabilitation services for stroke patients decreased during the Covid-19 pandemic, and patients mainly stayed home without rehabilitation. As a result, the patient experiences recurrent strokes, contractures, malnutrition, decubitus, and reduced cognitive function. Therefore, the repair is crucial to achieving maximum recovery and improving one's physical, mental, social, and speech abilities. Purpose: To find out the rehabilitation for stroke patients during the Covid-19 pandemic. Method: This review used a modified version of the integrative review research methodology developed by Whittemore and Knafl (2005). The literature search was conducted on five databases, namely PubMed, Science Direct, ProQuest, Cochrane Library, and DOAJ, with inclusion criteria in English, focusing on the rehabilitation of stroke patients, the Covid-19 pandemic, and original research published between 2020 and 2022. Evaluation of publications used Bowling's critical assessment model (2001). Results: Ten articles were included in the analysis. As a result, an overview of the rehabilitation of stroke patients during the Covid-19 pandemic was obtained, which included, first: Changes in the rehabilitation service system. Second: the obstacles to the rehabilitation of stroke patients during the Covid-19 pandemic, such as increasing family workload, lack of social support, and economic factors/financial constraints. Third: Changes in the functional status of stroke patients.Conclusion: The overview of the rehabilitation of stroke patients during the Covid-19 pandemic includes changes in the rehabilitation service system, obstacles to the restoration of stroke patients during the COVID-19 pandemic, and changes in the functional status of stroke patients.
References
1
Bowling A. Research Methods in Health – Investigating Health and Health Services. Public Health. 2001;124(2):122.
3
Venketasubramanian N, Anderson C, Ay H, Aybek S, Brinjikji W, De Freitas GR, et al. Stroke Care during the COVID-19 Pandemic: International Expert Panel Review. Cerebrovasc Dis. 2021;50(3):245–61.
https://doi.org/10.1159/000514155
4
Cadilhac DA, Kim J, Tod EK, Morrison JL, Breen SJ, Jaques K, et al. COVID-19 Pandemic Impact on Care for Stroke in Australia: Emerging Evidence From the Australian Stroke Clinical Registry. Front Neurol.2021;12(February):1–9.
https://doi.org/10.3389/fneur.2021.621495
5
Alonso de Leciñana M, Castellanos M, Ayo-Martín Ó, Morales A. Stroke care during the COVID-19 outbreak in Spain: the experience of Spanish stroke units. Stroke Vasc Neurol [Internet]. 2021 Jun;6(2):267–73. Available from:
https://svn.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/svn-2020-000678
6
Bersano A, Kraemer M, Touzé E, Weber R, Alamowitch S, Sibon I, et al. Stroke care during the COVID-19 pandemic: experience from three large European countries. Eur J Neurol. 2020;27(9):1794–800.
https://doi.org/10.1111/ene.14375
7
Sylaja PN, Srivastava MVP, Shah S, Bhatia R, Khurana D, Sharma A, et al. The SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19 pandemic and challenges in stroke care in India. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2020;1473(1):3–10.
https://doi.org/10.1111/nyas.14379
9
Junaidi I. Stroke : Wasapadai ancamannya. Yogyakarta: C.V Andi Offset; 2012.
10
Pisano F, Giachero A, Rugiero C, Calati M, Marangolo P. Does COVID-19 Impact Less on Post-stroke Aphasia? This Is Not the Case. Front Psychol. 2020;11(November):1–8.
https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.564717
12
Zhao J, Li H, Kung D, Fisher M, Shen Y, Liu R, et al. Since January 2020 Elsevier has created a COVID-19 resource centre with free information in English and Mandarin on the novel coronavirus COVID- 19 . The COVID-19 resource centre is hosted on Elsevier Connect , the company ’ s public news and information . Stroke. 2020;95(January):124–33.
https://doi.org/10.1161/STROKEAHA.120.030225
13
Mukhti M, Ibrahim MI, Tengku Ismail TA, Nadal IP, Kamalakannan S, Kinra S, et al. Family Caregivers’ Experiences and Coping Strategies in Managing Stroke Patients during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Qualitative Exploration Study. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022;19(2):1–20.
https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19020942
14
Lee JJ, Tsang WN, Yang SC, Kwok JYY, Lou VWQ, Lau KK. Qualitative Study of Chinese Stroke Caregivers’ Caregiving Experience during the COVID-19 Pandemic. Stroke. 2021;(April):1407–14.
https://doi.org/10.1161/STROKEAHA.120.032250
15
Sutter-Leve R, Passint E, Ness D, Rindflesch A. The caregiver experience after stroke in a covid-19 environment: A qualitative study in inpatient rehabilitation. J Neurol Phys Ther. 2021;45(1):14–20.
https://doi.org/10.1097/NPT.0000000000000336
16
Kristoffersen ES, Jahr SH, Faiz KW, Storstein AM, Winsvold BS, Sandset EC. Acute stroke care during the first phase of COVID-19 pandemic in Norway. Acta Neurol Scand. 2021;143(4):349–54.
https://doi.org/10.1111/ane.13392
17
Held JPO, Schwarz A, Pohl J, Thürlimann E, Porrtmann S, Branscheidt M, et al. Changes in Stroke Rehabilitation during the Sars-Cov-2 Shutdown in Switzerland. J Rehabil Med. 2022;54(4):jrm00272.
https://doi.org/10.2340/jrm.v53.1118
18
Jasne AS, Chojecka P, Maran I, Mageid R, Eldokmak M, Zhang Q, et al. Stroke Code Presentations, Interventions, and Outcomes before and during the COVID-19 Pandemic. Stroke. 2020;(September):2664–73.
https://doi.org/10.1161/STR.0000000000000347
19
Lee JJ, Tsang WN, Yang SC, Kwok JYY, Lou VWQ, Lau KK. Qualitative study of Chinese stroke caregivers’ caregiving experience during the COVID-19 pandemic. Stroke. 2021;(April):1407–14.
https://doi.org/10.1161/STROKEAHA.120.032250
20
Zhao J, Li H, Kung D, Fisher M, Shen Y, Liu R. Impact of the COVID-19 Epidemic on Stroke Care and Potential Solutions. Stroke. 2020;(July):1996–2001.
23
Friedman MM. Keperawatan Keluarga : Teori dan Praktik. Jakarta: EGC; 2013.
26
Rohmah A, Rifayuna D. Kebutuhan family caregiver pada pasien stroke. J keperawtan Jiwa. 2021;9(1):143–52.