Jurnal kesehatan komunitas (Journal of community health)
Journal Kesehatan Komunitas (p-ISSN:2088-7612, e-ISSN: 2548-8538) is scientific, peer-reviewed and open access journal managed and published by Universitas Hang Tuah Pekanbaru on March, July and November. Jurnal Kesehatan Komunitas publishes original research and/or library analysis on Health Community focuses on epidemiology, environmental health, promoting health, reproductive health, occupational health and safety, health policy and administration, community nursing, community midwifery. Since Volume 6 No. 3, 2020, Jurnal Kesehatan Komunitas (Journal of Community Health) has been accredited SINTA 3
Effects of PAKEM-Based Anemia Education on Knowledge and Iron Tablet Consumption Compliance among Adolescent Girls at SMK Negeri 2 Padang
Anemia is a global health problem with significant impacts on adolescent girls. The prevalence of anemia among women aged ≥15 years worldwide remains stagnant at 29.9%. Compliance with iron tablet consumption remains low, partly due to inadequate knowledge. The Participatory, Active, Creative, Effective, and Fun (PAKEM) education model is considered a potential approach to improve knowledge and promote compliance with iron tablet consumption. This study aimed to analyze the effect of PAKEM-based anemia education on knowledge levels and compliance with iron tablet consumption among adolescent girls at SMK Negeri 2 Padang. This study employed a quasi-experimental design with a pretest–posttest control group approach. The research was conducted from May to October 2025, involving 74 adolescent girls, who were divided into intervention and control groups using simple random sampling. Data were collected using a knowledge questionnaire and the Morisky Medication Adherence Scale (MMAS-8). Univariate data were presented as frequency distributions, while bivariate analysis was performed using the chi-square test with a significance level of p<0.05. The results showed an increase in knowledge in the intervention group, from predominantly moderate (48.6%) to good (73.0%). Compliance with iron tablet consumption improved from predominantly low (64.9%) to moderate (43.2%) after receiving PAKEM-based education. The chi-square test showed significant differences in knowledge (p=0.001) and compliance with iron tablet consumption (p=0.008) between the intervention and control groups after receiving PAKEM-based anemia education.). In conclusion, PAKEM-based anemia education is effective in improving knowledge and compliance with iron tablet consumption among adolescent girls. This model can be recommended as an innovative strategy to enhance anemia prevention programs in schools.
Copyright (c) 2026 Jurnal kesehatan komunitas (Journal of community health) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
The Relationship Between the Provision of Reproductive Health Education and Maternal and Child Health and the Knowledge of Health Cadres in Tugu Subdistrict
Maternal and Child Health is one of the indicators that determines the level of public health in a country. Discussions surrounding reproductive health and maternal and child health are closely related to the daily lives of community health cadres, who often interact with mothers and families. This study conducted in 2022 aims to determine differences in cadres’ knowledge of reproductive health and maternal and child health before and after counseling was conducted in Depok. There were respondents in this study, using a one-group pre-test–post-test design, with univariate analysis and bivariate analysis using the Wilcoxon test. The majority of respondents (86.60%) were adults, and 76.64% of them had a secondary level of education. After the intervention, there was an increase in knowledge of 69.37%. The results of the Wilcoxon test showed a p-value of 0.000 (< 0.05) and a difference between pre-test and post-test scores, indicating that the provision of reproductive health and maternal and child health education had an effect on cadres’ knowledge of reproductive health and MCH in Tugu Subdistrict. With the increase in cadres’ knowledge of reproductive health and MCH, it is expected that they can disseminate this educational information to the community in their respective areas.
The Effect of Ergonomic Gymnastic on Reducing Dysmenorrhea Pain in Adolescents Girls
Adolescence is a transitional period marked by physical and hormonal changes, including the maturation of the reproductive system. One of the health problems frequently experienced by adolescent girls is dysmenorrhea, which can disrupt learning activities and quality of life. This study aims to analyze the effect of ergonomic exercises on reducing dysmenorrhea pain in adolescent girls at SMPN 11 Samarinda. The study used a quasi-experimental pretest–posttest design. The sample consisted of 30 adolescent girls aged 12–15 years who experienced dysmenorrhea, divided into control and intervention groups. The intervention group received ergonomic and dysmenorrhea exercises, while the control group received only dysmenorrhea exercises. Pain was measured using a Visual Analog Scale before and after the intervention. Data analysis used the Mann-Whitney U Test and the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test. The results showed a significant reduction in dysmenorrhea pain in both groups, with p < 0.05, and a greater reduction in pain in the intervention group. The study concludes that ergonomic exercises reduce dysmenorrhea pain.
The Effect of a Combination of Batimung Therapy and Lavender Aromatherapy on Improving Sleep Quality in Postpartum Mothers
Sleep disruptions after postpartum might impair mother recovery owing to hormonal changes, exhaustion, and psychological stress. Batimung and lavender aromatherapy will be tested for their effects on postpartum moms' sleep. This quasi-experimental research separated 30 postpartum moms into intervention and control groups using purposive selection and a pretest–posttest control group technique. The intervention group got batimung treatment and lavender aromatherapy for six days, whereas the control group received simply lavender. Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and Wilcoxon Signed Rank and Mann-Whitney tests examined sleep quality. Both groups saw substantial improvements in sleep quality (p < 0.001), with the intervention group having a considerably lower PSQI score (p = 0.003). Batimung and lavender aromatherapy improve postpartum moms' sleep quality more effectively and might be used as a non-pharmacological intervention in obstetric care.
Analysis Of Risk Factors Affecting Cholesterol: Cross-sectional Study
The increasing incidence of hypercholesterolemia among employees may affect cardiovascular health and workplace productivity. In Indonesia, the Basic Health Research (Riskesdas) 2018 reported that 35,9% of adults have elevated cholesterol levels. This study aimed to analyze the risk factors associated with total cholesterol levels among employees and to determine the most dominant influencing factor. This study employed a quantitative approach with a cross-sectional design. Data were obtained from company medical check-up records and physical activity questionnaires using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire. The independent variables included age, blood pressure, smoking habits, obesity, exercise routine, and gender, while the dependent variable was total cholesterol level. Data were analyzed using chi-square test and binary logistic regression. The results showed that high blood pressure (PR = 16.5; p < 0.001), obesity (PR = 3.646; p = 0.035), and irregular exercise (PR = 5.633; p = 0.013) were significantly associated with elevated total cholesterol levels. Multivariate analysis indicated that high blood pressure was the most dominant risk factor influencing total cholesterol levels (PR 15.569; p < 0.001). Maintaining normal blood pressure, regular physical activity and weight management are essential strategies to workplace health improvement.
The Influence of Health Education and Husband's Support on The Prevention of Postpartum Blues in Postpartum Mothers
If left untreated, postpartum blues can lead to depression in the first two weeks after delivery. In Indonesia, postpartum blues is still common, and family-based prevention efforts are still incomplete. This study examines how Communication, Information, and Education (IEC) and partner support can reduce postpartum blues in postpartum women. This study used a quantitative pretest-posttest design with a control group. The sample consisted of 30 postpartum women in the intervention and control groups. The intervention group received IEC and husband support, while the control group received standard care. This study was conducted at PMB Puji Handayani, Sungai Kunjang District, Samarinda City, East Kalimantan Province. Measurements were conducted using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) questionnaire. The results showed a greater reduction in postpartum blues scores in the intervention group. IEC accompanied by husband support is effective in reducing postpartum blues symptoms. Emotional, instrumental (housework/baby care assistance), and informational support from partners increase maternal coping capacity, reduce care stress, and accelerate psychological recovery. It is recommended that this be implemented in obstetric services.
The Effect of Anxiety First Aid on Reducing Anxiety in Adolescent Girls
Anxiety is a common mental health problem among adolescents, particularly during periods of academic pressure. If not properly managed, anxiety can negatively affect academic performance and psychological well-being. This study aimed to examine the effect of Anxiety First Aid (AFA) in reducing anxiety levels in adolescent girls. research pre-experimental one group pretest–posttest design was used involving 52 final-year students of the D-III Midwifery Study Program at STIKES Mutiara Mahakam Samarinda. The AFA intervention was conducted for seven consecutive days and included deep breathing relaxation, five-finger hypnosis, and music therapy. Anxiety levels were measured using the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HARS) before and after the intervention. The research showed a significant reduction in anxiety scores after the intervention (p < 0.001), with a mean decrease of 11.192 points. The effect size analysis indicated a large effect (Cohen’s d = 1.138). In conclusion, Anxiety First Aid is effective in reducing anxiety among adolescent girls and may be recommended as a practical and non-invasive psychosocial approach for early anxiety management. Therefore, it is recommended that Anxiety First Aid can be implemented as a simple and safe effort to help teenagers manage anxiety.
The Effectiveness of Educational Videos in Improving Personal Hygiene Knowledge and Attitudes of Adolescent Girls
Adolescence is a transitional phase that makes young women vulnerable to health problems, especially personal hygiene during menstruation. Lack of knowledge and attitudes about personal hygiene can increase the risk of infection. The aims of this research is to ascertain how well instructional videos can enhance young women's attitudes and understanding around personal hygiene. Thirty female students from SMP Negeri 11 Samarinda were chosen by purposive sampling and split into groups for educational videos and PowerPoint presentations and also the study used a quasi-experimental design with a two-group pretest–posttest. Data were collected through questionnaires before and after the intervention and analyzed using the Wilcoxon Signed Rank and Mann-Whitney U tests. The findings showed a significant increase in knowledge and attitudes in the educational video group (p < 0.001). Educational videos are more effective and are recommended as a learning medium for adolescent reproductive health.
Effleurage Massage as a Non-Pharmacological Intervention to Reduce Back Pain in Third Trimester Pregnant Women: A Literature Review
Lower back pain is a common complaint experienced by pregnant women in the third trimester due to biomechanical changes during pregnancy and can interfere with daily activities. This research aims to assess the effectiveness of effleurage massage in reducing lower back pain in pregnant women in the third trimester. The research method used a literature review of four articles from international and national journals published between 2021 and 2025. Article searches were conducted through Wiley Online Library, Google Scholar, and Sage Journals using the keywords "Effleurage Massage," "Back Pain," and "Pregnant." Of the 2,322 articles found, four relevant articles were selected based on exclusion and inclusion criteria. The analysis was conducted descriptively. The results indicate that effleurage massage is effective, safe, and easy to implement in reducing lower back pain in pregnant women in the third trimester. Therefore, effleurage massage is recommended as a non-pharmacological intervention in antenatal care services by midwives.
Warm Compress for Back Pain in Pregnant Women in the Third Trimester : A Literatur Review
Warm compresses are a non-pharmacological intervention that has been widely recognized as effective in reducing discomfort during pregnancy, particularly lower back pain commonly experienced by women in the third trimester. When not properly managed, lower back pain can worsen and interfere with daily activities such as standing, sitting, and moving, especially when the pain spreads to the pelvic and lumbar areas. Warm compress therapy helps relieve pain by promoting muscle relaxation and improving blood circulation, making it a safe and practical option during pregnancy. The purpose of this study was to determine whether warm compresses could help third-trimester pregnant women with their lower back pain. A literature review method was used by analyzing four selected national and international journal articles published between 2021 and 2025. The articles were obtained from ResearchGate, Crossref, and Google Scholar using the keywords “warm compress,” “low back pain,” and “pregnant.” The initial search identified 20,464 articles, which were then filtered according to exclusion and inclusion criteria. The results show that third-trimester pregnant women's lower back pain can be effectively reduced with warm compress therapy. Therefore, warm compresses can be recommended as a non-pharmacological intervention in antenatal care to help reduce pregnancy-related discomfort.
Classical Music Therapy in Reducing Anxiety in Pregnant Women: A Litratur Review
Music therapy is a non-pharmacological intervention that is increasingly recognized as effective in reducing anxiety and discomfort during pregnancy. It is a structured and purposeful approach conducted by trained professionals to support physical and psychological well-being. Music therapy can be applied actively, such as singing or playing instruments, or passively by listening to music, including classical music. This literature review used three databases: PubMed, Google Scholar, and ScienceDirect. Articles published between 2021 and 2025 were selected and accessed from May 10 to May 28, 2025. The search used the keywords “Classical Music,” “Anxiety,” and “Pregnancy.” From an initial 1,108 articles, four research met the exclusion and inclusion criteria and were reviewed. The results indicate that classical music therapy is effective in reducing anxiety and stress levels in pregnant women. Overall, music therapy provides significant physical and psychological benefits, helping to improve comfort and emotional well-being during pregnancy. Therefore, classical music therapy is recommended as a safe, holistic, and non-pharmacological approach in prenatal care to support maternal well-being.
The Role of Transformational Nursing Leadership in Implementing a Patient Safety Culture
Patient safety culture in hospitals is strongly influenced by the quality of nursing leadership, yet empirical evidence from infectious disease referral hospitals in Indonesia remains limited, particularly regarding the role of transformational head nurse leadership. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between the transformational leadership style of head nurses and the implementation of patient safety culture at Sulianti Saroso Infectious Diseases Hospital, Jakarta. This quantitative research employed a descriptive correlational design with a cross-sectional approach. Respondents were staff nurses in inpatient units selected using simple random sampling, with inclusion criteria of actively working nurses willing to participate and exclusion criteria of nurses on leave (maternity, sick, study), internship nurses, the researcher, and head nurses, resulting in 48 respondents. Data were collected using the Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture (HSOPS) Version 2 and a validated transformational leadership questionnaire, then analyzed using univariate and bivariate analyses with the chi-square test. Most respondents perceived the transformational leadership of head nurses as good (64.6%) and the patient safety culture as good (54.2%). There was a significant relationship between transformational leadership and patient safety culture (p = 0.004), with a Prevalence Odds Ratio (POR) of 7.944 (95% CI: 2.033–31.041), indicating that nurses who perceived transformational leadership as good had nearly eight times higher odds of reporting a good patient safety culture. These findings highlight the importance of strengthening transformational leadership development programs for ward managers as a strategy to improve patient safety culture and service quality in infectious disease referral hospitals.​
The Effectiveness of Policies on the Use of Eco-Friendly Shopping Bags in Reducing Plastic Waste in Jakarta: A Literature Review
Ignoring plastic waste management systems can threaten the sustainability of the environment and living creatures in the universe. The alarming amount of plastic waste shows the failure of waste management systems and demands serious control through the use of environmentally friendly materials that can reduce ecological impacts and encourage sustainable changes in consumer behavior. In an effort to control and reduce the generation of single-use plastic waste in Jakarta, Provincial Government issued “DKI Jakarta Provincial Governor Regulation Number 142 of 2019 concerning the Obligation to Use Environmentally Friendly Shopping Bags in Shopping Centers, Supermarkets and People's Markets”. This paper aims to analyze the effectiveness of single-use plastic waste control after the enactment of the regulation and compare similar policies in several countries. The method used is through literature review by reviewing various literature sourced from scientific journals and relevant research reports. The results of the study state that the implementation of the policy on the use of eco-friendly shopping bags has been able to reduce the amount of plastic waste generation and increase the use of Environmentally Friendly Shopping Bags in Jakarta Province and several countries that implement similar policies. The government must create an ecosystem that supports policy implementation through massive and sustained public campaigns and education to build understanding and change public behavior so that people are more prudent in reducing their use of single-use plastic bags.
Copyright (c) 2025 Jurnal kesehatan komunitas (Journal of community health) http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
The Relationship Between the Use of Electronic Medical Records (EMR) and Health Worker Satisfaction at Imelda Pekerja Indonesia Hospital
The level of feeling experienced by patients as a result of the performance of the health services they receive after comparing it with their expectations is known as patient satisfaction. The purpose of this study was to illuminate how the satisfaction of health workers with the use of Electronic Medical Records (EMR) is poured into the dimensions of content, chimney, format, ease of use, and timeliness at RSU Imelda Buruh Indonesia Medan. Based on the criteria that have been set, this study uses a descriptive method with a quantitative approach. A total sample of 62 people was taken from the population. Observation sheets and questionnaires are research tools. This study found that the use of EMR on the variables of content, precision, ease of use, and timeliness is met with the satisfaction of health workers at RSU Imelda Buruh Indonesia. However, the variable format does not satisfy satisfaction, There is no relationship between the use of EMR in the format variable and the satisfaction of health workers at RSU Imelda Buruh Indonesia. It It is recommended that there are more detailed regulations regarding the use of RME so that the use of RME at the Imelda Buruh Indonesia Hospital can be maximized and that there is a need to re-socialize the regulations on the accuracy of filling in RM so that RM recording by PPA is more complete and accurate so that the quality of reports as RME output can be improved.
Sustainable Strategy for Hazardous Waste Management in Hospital X, Batam City
Ineffective medical waste management can pose serious risks to the environment and public health. With the increasing number of healthcare facilities in Batam City, efficient and safe management of solid medical waste has become a key priority in ensuring environmental sustainability and community well-being. This study aims to identify current practices of solid medical waste management in hospitals and to formulate strategies that align with regulations and local conditions to improve the quality of waste management. The research employed a qualitative design with a case study approach, conducted at one hospital in Batam City. Data were collected through field observations, in-depth interviews, document analysis, and Focus Group Discussions. Data analysis was performed using triangulation techniques, and the results served as the basis for strategy formulation through SWOT analysis. The findings show that most hospitals have complied with the Minister of Environment and Forestry Regulation (PerMenLHK) No. P.56/2015, although technical constraints and limited human resources remain challenges. The attitude of healthcare workers was found to significantly influence waste management practices. The SWOT analysis positioned Hospital X in Quadrant I (aggressive strategy), indicating favorable conditions for improvement. The hospital needs to enhance human resource capacity and implement policies based on the 5R principles (reuse, reduce, recycle, recovery, repair).
Application of the Proceed Model in Immunization Education: Efforts to Improve Mothers’ Knowledge in Lubuk Siam Village
The double burden in the development of Indonesia’s health sector consists of communicable diseases and degenerative diseases. Communicable diseases are difficult to eradicate because their transmission is not limited by administrative boundaries. One of the most cost-effective preventive measures to limit the spread of diseases to other regions is immunization. The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of an immunization education intervention on mothers’ knowledge regarding complete basic immunization in Lubuk Siam Village. This research employed a quantitative approach using a quasi-experimental design with a one-group pre-test–post-test method. The study population consisted of 152 mothers with children under five, from which 30 respondents were selected as the sample. The results showed a significant difference in knowledge between pre-test and post-test scores, with a statistical test result of p = 0.015. The Wilcoxon test indicated that the educational intervention was effective in improving mothers’ knowledge about complete basic immunization. It is recommended that Lubuk Siam Village integrate immunization education into routine posyandu (integrated health post) programs and involve community leaders as well as local government in supporting the sustainability of the immunization program.
The Influence of Health Management and Occupational Safety on the Implementation of Welding Practices
Various welding accident cases indicate hazardous conditions, highlighting the need for occupational health and safety management training for students at SMKN 2 Pekanbaru. This study adopts a quantitative, cross-sectional design, using a survey of all 39 students in the 12th-grade welding department. The study adopts a non-probability sampling method, using saturated sampling. Data were collected using a questionnaire to assess students' understanding of occupational health and safety management in welding practices. The study analyzes the data using multiple linear regression processed through SPSS. The results show that there is no partial effect of health management on the implementation of welding practices, as the t statistic < the t table value (2.055 < 2.208). At the same time, occupational safety affects the implementation of welding practices (4.598 > 2.208). Additionally, there is a simultaneous effect (F test) of health management and occupational safety on the implementation of welding practices, where F count > F table (15.330 > 3.25). Health management does not influence welding practices, whereas occupational safety does. It is advisable to provide health management training and conduct regular occupational safety training before students begin welding practices.
Implementation of Occupational Safety and Health Management Systems (OSHMS) in Construction: A Comparative Study of Four Sumatra Sites
The Occupational Safety and Health Management System (OSH-MS) is a critical framework for promoting safe working environments, particularly within infrastructure construction projects characterized by high risk and extensive labor involvement. Despite its regulatory importance, OSH-MS implementation remains inconsistent across projects, influenced by managerial capacity, technical complexity, and contextual factors. This descriptive quantitative study evaluated the implementation of OSH-MS in four infrastructure projects: the LS Dam Project, the KAPB Toll Bridge Project, the Old Town (Kesawan) Project, and the Waste Drainage Project. The assessment was based on five OSH-MS principles policy establishment, planning, implementation, monitoring and evaluation, and performance review supported by twelve operational elements. Data were collected using structured checklists and compliance scoring, analyzed descriptively, and presented through tables and charts. The Old Town Project (93%) and KAPB Toll Bridge Project (87%) demonstrated strong OSH-MS implementation, classified as “good,” while the LS Dam (71%) and Waste Drainage (73%) projects exhibited moderate compliance, categorized as “fair.” Weaknesses were primarily found in document control, inspection procedures, and performance monitoring, particularly in larger, multi-contractor projects. The findings reveal uneven OSH-MS maturity across projects, emphasizing the need for stronger national and local policy enforcement, routine audits, and continuous workforce training. Consistent implementation of OSH-MS not only enhances safety and project efficiency but also supports worker health and contributes to Sustainable Development Goal 8 on decent work and economic growth.
Mental Health Problem Screening Training Increase Community Health Workers’ Knowledge: A Quasi-Experimental Study
The burden of mental health problems is increasing, necessitating early diagnostic confirmation and intervention. Screening for mental health problems is a preventive strategy that can be carried out by trained community health cadres; however, cadres’ performance in screening practice remains variable. This study aimed to analyze the effectiveness of mental-health screening training on cadres’ knowledge and to examine whether demographic factors influence training effectiveness. One-group pretest–posttest quasi-experimental design is used and involving 55 community health cadres recruited via purposive sampling. The research instrument was a questionnaire consisting of nine statements to measure the level of knowledge of cadres regarding screening for mental health problems, the validity and reliability of which had been tested.Changes in knowledge were tested using the Wilcoxon Signed-rank test. Training effectiveness was assessed with normalized gain and compared across age group, marital status, and occupation using the Mann–Whitney U test, and education level using the Kruskal–Wallis test. Results showed a significant increase in knowledge after the training (p < 0.001). There were no significant differences in effectiveness by occupation (p = 0.640), marital status (p = 0.942), age group (p = 0.342), or education (p = 0.698). Mental-health screening training improves cadres’ knowledge, while the demographic factors do not affect training effectiveness. Studies with control groups and effect-size reporting are recommended to strengthen the inference.
HIV/AIDS Risk Factor among Men Sex Men (MSM) in Bukittinggi City
The group of Men Sex Men (MSM) is 25 times more likely to contract HIV compared to heterosexual adult men. The Bukittinggi City Health Office recorded that MSM constituted the highest key population in 2023, with a total of 573 individuals. HIV/AIDS prevention and control efforts in Bukittinggi City need to be continuously monitored and strengthened, especially given the significant increase in the MSM population in 2023. This study aims to identify the factors influencing HIV/AIDS incidence among Men Who Have Sex with Men (MSM) in Bukittinggi City. The research employs a case-control design, with a sample of 21 HIV-infected MSM as the case group and 42 non-HIV-infected MSM as the control group, using questionnaires as intruments. Data were analyzed using univariate analysis, bivariate analysis with the chi-square test, and multivariate analysis using multiple logistic regression. The results showed that the dominant factors associated with HIV/AIDS incidence were Attitude (p-value = 0.001; OR = 0.019), Peer Influence (p-value = 0.037; OR = 7.993), and Experience of Sexual Violence (p-value = 0.039; OR = 0.141). These findings can serve as a foundation for more holistic and sustainable education and counseling programs that are trauma-sensitive and address risky behaviors as part of the HIV/AIDS response strategy.
The Relationship Between Dog-Keeping Practices and the Risk of Rabies-Transmitting Animal Bites in Sambas and the Sanggau–Entikong Border Area
Rabies remains a public health issue in the Indonesia–Malaysia border region. In early 2025, 16 suspected rabies-transmitting animal bite (GHPR) cases were reported in Sambas, while Sanggau also shows consistently high numbers. This cross-sectional study was conducted from January to March 2024, involving 348 purposively selected dog-owning households. Data were collected through questionnaires and observations and analyzed with Chi-Square and multivariate logistic regression. Keeping other animals, interaction with stray dogs, and irregular feeding were significantly linked to GHPR. The most influential factor was interaction with stray dogs (OR = 4.690). When all three factors occurred together, the predicted probability of GHPR reached 98.5%. Rabies prevention should focus on reducing contact between owned and stray dogs, supported by regular feeding, vaccination, and health monitoring.
The Relationship Between Unsafe Actions and Unsafe Conditions and Work Accidents at PT X Padang
Unsafe actions are behaviors that can endanger workers or others and have the potential to cause workplace accidents. In addition, unsafe conditions in the work environment are also important factors that increase the risk of accidents. This study aims to determine the relationship between unsafe actions and unsafe conditions with the incidence of occupational accidents among workers at PT X in 2024. This research employed a quantitative method with a cross-sectional design. The sampling technique used was proportional random sampling. From a total population of 129 workers, 55 were selected as research samples. The study was conducted from March to September 2024 at PT X Padang. The results showed that 52.7% of respondents experienced workplace accidents, 52.7% performed unsafe actions, and 56.4% worked under unsafe conditions. The chi-square analysis indicated a significant relationship between unsafe actions and workplace accidents (p=0.001), as well as between unsafe conditions and workplace accidents (p=0.002). These findings confirm that unsafe behaviors and unsafe working conditions contribute to the occurrence of workplace accidents. Therefore, companies need to strengthen the implementation of Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs), enhance supervision and safety training, and encourage workers to consistently use Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) to prevent occupational accidents. Moreover, effective occupational safety management is essential to minimize the risk of workplace accidents.
The Influence of Management Commitment, Supervisory Function, and Employees' OHS Knowledge on Controlling Unsafe Actions in Coal Mining Community
This research uses a mixed-methods approach with a cross-sectional study design conducted in Tapin District, South Kalimantan. The research population includes 4,704 employees of PT A, with a sample of 374 respondents selected using proportionate stratified random sampling. The research instrument is a validated questionnaire that has undergone readability testing, expert validation (Aiken's V ≥0.75), and reliability testing (Cronbach's Alpha 0.884-0.931). Data analysis uses Structural Equation Modeling-Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS) with SmartPLS 4.0.9 software. The structural model shows moderate-substantial explanatory power (R²=0.593; Q²=0.364). All three hypotheses were accepted with significance p<0.001. OHS Knowledge is the strongest predictor (β=0.331; f²=0.172 medium), followed by Management Commitment (β=0.285; f²=0.075 small) and Supervisory Function (β=0.272; f²=0.062 small). Convergence of quantitative and qualitative findings shows 50.5% of respondents emphasized OHS knowledge as the most influential factor, with 23.8% recommending priority for applicative training. Controlling unsafe actions depends more on individual competency development than organizational factors, consistent with Social Cognitive Theory. These findings have important implications for community health, as improved workplace safety can reduce accident burden on mining workers and their families. Further research is recommended using longitudinal designs to explore the long-term impact of OHS programs on community health, conducting comprehensive cost-benefit analysis, developing family safety programs models, and exploring mediation-moderation mechanisms using multilevel modeling.
Health Risk Analysis of Respirable Dust Exposure Following the Implementation of Dust Supression System in the Mineral Ore Processing Industry
This study aimed to assess the health risks associated with respirable dust exposure following the implementation of a dust suppression system. A cross-sectional quantitative design was employed, involving 30 workers from PTX’s based on NIOSH. Personal dust sampling was conducted using the NMAM0600 method. The results indicated that the average concentration of respirable dust was 0.4760mg/m³, below the threshold limit value (TLV) of 3 mg/m³ set by the ACGIH. Risk characterization using the risk quotient (RQ), RQ<1. Simulation using the MPPD model revealed that particles with a diameter of approximately 4 µm had the highest deposition rate in the thoracic region of the respiratory tract, potentially triggering inflammatory responses and pulmonary fibrosis. Despite the low current exposure levels, continuous monitoring and enhancement of dust control measures are recommended to prevent long-term health effects such as silicosis and COPD. The study emphasizes the importance of regular health surveillance, appropriate use of personal protective equipment, and adherence to the ALARA (As Low As Reasonably Achievable) principle to ensure occupational safety and health in mineral ore processing environments.
Effectiveness of Self-Help Group Support in Enhancing Medication Adherence and Quality of Life (QoL) Among Patients with Tuberculosis (TB): A Systematic Review
Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major global health challenge, especially in countries with high disease burdens like Indonesia. Treatment non-adherence and reduced quality of life among TB patients continue to undermine control efforts. This systematic review seeks to explore how self-help group (SHG) interventions contribute to enhancing medication adherence and improving the quality of life (QoL) among individuals living with TB. A systematic review was followed the 2020 PRISMA guidelines. Comprehensive searches were performed across PubMed, Science Direct, ProQuest, Scopus, and Google Scholar using the PICO framework. Studies of various designs (RCTs, cohort, quasi-experimental, and cross-sectional) involving TB patients receiving SHG interventions were included. Eight eligible studies were critically appraised using the JBI checklist. Despite differences in design, participants, and SHG approaches such as patient education, motivation, emotional support, behavioral empowerment, and digital integration the studies consistently showed improvements in medication adherence and quality of life, supported by generally strong methodological quality. The findings highlight the importance of structured SHG models in nursing practice, supporting the development of community-based interventions and protocols that enhance TB treatment outcomes and patient well-being. Future studies should prioritize robust RCTs with diverse populations and long-term follow-up, including hybrid models that integrate digital technologies to ensure sustainable implementation in high-burden settings.
Copyright (c) 2025 Jurnal kesehatan komunitas (Journal of community health) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Evaluation of Behavior during Hot Work Activity from Competency-Based Training Results Using the Kirkpatrick Model in the Processing Division of PT. XYZ
Competency-Based Training (CBT) is a strategic approach in the mining industry to enhance both technical and non-technical skills of workers, particularly in high-risk activities such as Hot Work Permit (HWP) [2]. This study aims to evaluate behavioral changes among employees in the Processing Division of PT XYZ after participating in CBT programs. The research used a quantitative-qualitative approach with a cross-sectional case study design, involving 199 staff and non-staff employees who had completed HWP training. Data were collected through questionnaires, interviews, and direct observation, and analyzed using proportion tests, correlation tests, and logistic regression. The findings revealed positive perceptions from employees regarding the influence of training on HWP implementation, supported by supervisory aspects, compliance with Standard Operating Procedures (SOP), and personal factors. Significant positive effects were found from supervisory aspects on the implementation of hot work permits, as well as from training and personal factors on the use of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE). Nevertheless, external factors such as supervisory support and understanding of SOP compliance played a major role in sustaining behavioral changes. These findings confirm that CBT is effective in improving safe work behavior when supported by training, supervision, SOP compliance, and positive personal factors. The study concludes that Level 3 evaluation is essential as a foundation for improving training programs and strengthening workplace safety culture.
Analysis of the Implementation of the School Children's Immunization Month Program at the Sidomulyo Health Center, Pekanbaru City
The School Children Immunization Month program aims to protect children against Immunization-Preventable Diseases until school age. In percentage terms, BIAS achievement is far from the target, with the highest immunization coverage of only around 18% Measless Rubella, and the lowest 6.3% Diphterie Tetanus 2. Sidomulyo Community Health Center and it was the lowest coverage in the city. The success of the BIAS program policy implementation is influenced by various interrelated factors. This study aims to analyze the implementation of the School Children Immunization Month Program at the Sidomulyo Community Health Center in Pekanbaru City in 2025. This qualitative study was conducted in July 2025 with 14 informants. Research variables include communication, resources, implementer attitudes, bureaucratic structure, environment, and policy standards and targets. The results show that communication is not optimal even though the program is running, good technical implementation is supported by adequate facilities and professional staff, and the attitudes of officers influence parental trust. The program involves the Community Health Center, Health Office, Education Office, schools, and community leaders, but participation is still low due to religious, social, cultural, and hoax factors. Despite clear SOPs, vaccination targets have not been achieved for the past three years. It is recommended to improve interactive communication strategies, strengthen education and cross-sector coordination, and map areas for evaluation and improvement of program implementation.
Optimizing Outpatient Registration to Improve the Quality of Public Services at Goenawan Partowidigdo Hospital
Introduction: Service waiting time is a key indicator for measuring hospital quality. However, data indicate that outpatient waiting times at several hospitals exceed the standard duration, and Goenawan Partowidigdo Hospital faces similar issues, with long queues and prolonged outpatient registration wait times. Registration via the online application was extremely low, ranging from 0.21% to 3.10% (May–July 2024 data), and the service waiting time consistently exceeded the target of >60 minutes, sometimes reaching 2 hours and 22 minutes. Objective: This study aims to optimize the outpatient registration system at Goenawan Partowidigdo Hospital through an integrated digitalization approach to reduce waiting times, relieve queue congestion, and ultimately improve the patient experience. Methods: This study used a qualitative case study design conducted from September to November 2024. Primary data were obtained through in-depth interviews with 11 key informants (4 management staff, 4 registration staff, and 3 patients) using purposive sampling. Qualitative analysis, including a fishbone diagram, was conducted to identify problems. Data on online registration utilization and waiting times were analyzed descriptively to compare the periods before and after the intervention. Results: Online registration utilization increased significantly in the post-intervention period to 86.19% in June and 87.96% in July 2025. Consequently, the waiting time decreased to approximately 1 hour and 16 minutes in June and 1 hour and 08 minutes in July 2025. Conclusion: The optimization of outpatient registration at Goenawan Partowidigdo Hospital, achieved through a holistic approach that integrated digitalization and intensive education, successfully relieved outpatient queue congestion and reduced service waiting times.
Design of an Android-Based Physiotherapy Service Search Information System in Pekanbaru City
Physiotherapy services play a crucial role in the healing and rehabilitation of patients experiencing impaired motor function due to injury, illness, or post-surgery. However, in Pekanbaru City, information regarding the location, types of services, and schedules of physiotherapists is still limited, making it difficult for the public to obtain the services they need. This study aims to design and build an Android mobile application-based information system to facilitate the public in finding information on physiotherapy services in Pekanbaru. The method used is prototyping, which involves direct interaction between developers and users through an iterative feedback process. Data were collected through observation, interviews with physiotherapy service providers, and literature studies, then processed and compiled into a database. The results show that the SiTerapi application has a key feature in the form of a Google Maps-based search for clinic locations, polyclinics, and home care physiotherapy services with a distance radius feature. Based on the results of functional and feasibility tests, the application was declared to run well and is suitable for use as a medium for information on physiotherapy services in Pekanbaru. This application is expected to improve the accessibility and efficiency of the public in obtaining physiotherapy services according to their needs.
Factors Associated with Active Multiple Episode of Malaria in High High-Endemicity Area of Malaria
Background: Timika is an endemic area for malaria in Indonesia. A receptive environment, behavioral factors, and knowledge of the local population cause the high prevalence of malaria in Timika. Objective: This study aims to determine the prevalence of recurrent episodes of malaria and factors that influence malaria episodes in highly endemic areas.Method: This study is an observational study with a cross-sectional design. This study was conducted in Naena Muktipur Village, Timika, Papua. Subjects were obtained using a purposive sampling method that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Demographic data, including age, address, ethnicity, education level, and occupation, were obtained through a questionnaire. Results: The subjects were predominantly women, had a high school education, and held non-risky jobs. As many as 72% of subjects had a history of malaria > 1 time, where malaria episodes were related to gender and behavior of staying overnight in the fields. Gender is related to the level of knowledge, while marital status is associated with the level of knowledge and behavior (p <0.05). Conclusion: The prevalence of recurrent episodes in highly endemic areas is still high, where malaria episodes experienced by residents in highly endemic areas are related to factors such as knowledge levels and behavior.