Determinan Pajanan Pestisida Terhadap Kadar Haemoglobin Wanita Usia Subur (WUS) di Kecamatan Dempo Selatan Pagar Alam

Imelda Purba; Rafika Oktiva Ningrum; Muhammad Amin Arigo Saci

doi:10.25311/keskom.Vol10.Iss3.1817

Articles

Open Access

Determinan Pajanan Pestisida Terhadap Kadar Haemoglobin Wanita Usia Subur (WUS) di Kecamatan Dempo Selatan Pagar Alam

Imelda Purba ¹

^ROR , Rafika Oktiva Ningrum ¹

^ROR , Muhammad Amin Arigo Saci ¹

^ROR

¹ Universitas Sriwijaya ROR

Diterbitkan 2024-09-30

Vol. 10 No. 3 (2024) HALAMAN 449-456

DOI 10.25311/keskom.Vol10.Iss3.1817

Lihat / Unduh 1264 771

Unduh PDF

Abstrak

Women of childbearing age are a group that plays an important role in the agricultural sector not only in Indonesia but also in other agricultural countries around the world. The types of agricultural activities undertaken by WUS are sometimes the same as those of men, even those that allow contact with pesticides. Women of childbearing age in Pagaralam are at risk of experiencing health effects such as anemia, due to their exposure to Organophosphates. It is necessary to conduct research aimed at analyzing the determinants of pesticide exposure to the haemoglobin level in WUS as a basis for recommendations for efforts to prevent and overcome the effects of pesticide exposure. The design of this study was observational with a cross sectional study approach. The study population was women of childbearing age who were exposed to pesticides in the South Dempo District of Pagaralam, with a sample size of 120 WUS. Sampling using cluster sampling technique. Data collection was carried out through interviews using a questionnaire, observation using a checklist, measurement of body weight using a weight scale, height using a microtoise, and Hb levels using the Easy Touch GCHB tool. Data analysis of the results of the study was carried out univariately, and bivariate using the Chi- Square.The results of bivariate analysis of variables show that were significant with the haemoglobin level in women of childbearing age in South Dempo District were tenure, long time laundry spraying and length of time preparing pesticide. While variables that are not associated with haemoglobin levels are length of spraying, length of time mixed, frequency of spraying, and use of PPE. It is recommended that women of childbearing age reduce the length of time washing clothes spraying and the length of time preparing pesticides through good time management.

Keywords : Haemoglobin level, pesticide exposure, woman of childbearing age

Referensi

1

1. UN Woman. Generation Equality. Research and Data Section, UN Women: Milan. [Internet]. 2020. Available from: unwo.men/eDNK50yyBhA.

2

2. Kementerian Pemberdayaan Perempuan dan Perlindungan Anak & BPS. Profil Perempuan Indonesia. Jakarta; 2018.

3

3. Markantonis M, van der Velde-Koerts T, Graven C, Te Biesebeek JD, Zeilmaker M, Rietveld AG, et al. Assessment of occupational and dietary exposure to pesticide residues. EFSA J. 2018 Aug 1;16(S1). DOI: https://doi.org/10.2903/j.efsa.2018.e16087

4

4. Ditjen PSP Pertanian. Statistik Prasarana dan Sarana Pertanian 2017-2021 [Internet]. 2022. Available from: https://psp.pertanian.go.id/layanan-publik/buku-statistik-2017-2021

5

5. Okvitasari R, Anwar MC. Hubungan Antara Keracunan Pestisida Dengan Kejadian Anemia Pada Petani Kentang Di Gabungan Kelompok Tani Al-Farruq Desa Patak Banteng Kecamatan Kejajar Kabupaten Wonosobo Tahun 2016. Bul Keslingmas. 2017;36(3):299–310. DOI: https://doi.org/10.31983/keslingmas.v36i3.3109

6

6. Taj M, Shah T, Aslam SK, Zaheer S, Nawab F, Shaheen S, et al. Environmental determinants of aplastic anemia in Pakistan: a case-control study. J Public Heal [Internet]. 2016;24(5):453–60. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10389-016-0743-6 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10389-016-0743-6

7

7. Arwin NM, Suyud S. Pajanan pestisida dan kejadian anemia pada petani holtikultura di Garut. Ber Kedokt Masy [Internet]. 2018;32(7):245. Available from: https://jurnal.ugm.ac.id/bkm/article/view/12313/20641 DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/bkm.12313

8

8. Agustina N. Paparan Pestisida terhadap Kejadian Anemia pada Petani Hortikultura Pesticides Exposure and Anemia in Horticultural Farmers. Maj Kedokt Bandung [Internet]. 2018;50(2):215–21. Available from: https://journal.fk.unpad.ac.id/index.php/mkb/article/view/1398/pdf DOI: https://doi.org/10.15395/mkb.v50n4.1398

9

9. Ropen, Sugiarto, Parman. Faktor yang berhubungan dengan kejadian anemia pada petani. J Heal comunity [Internet]. 2015;2(1):28–34. Available from: https://e-journal.ivet.ac.id/index.php/ijheco/article/view/1666/1212 DOI: https://doi.org/10.31331/ijheco.v2i1.1666

10

10. Aisyah Kurniasih S, Setiani O, Achadi Nugraheni S, Pekalongan dr Onny Setiani B, Magister Kesehatan Lingkungan UNDIP Drdr Sri Achadi Nugraheni P, Kesehatan Masyarakat UNDIP F. Faktor-faktor yang Terkait Paparan Pestisida dan Hubungannya dengan Kejadian Anemia pada Petani Hortikultura di Desa Gombong Kecamatan Belik Kabupaten Pemalang Jawa Tengah Factors Related to Pesticides Exposure and Anemia on Horticultural Farmers In Gombo. 2013;12(2).

11

11. Filippi I, Lucero P, Bonansea RI, Lerda D, Butinof M, Fernandez RA, et al. Validation of exposure indexes to pesticides through the analysis of exposure and effect biomarkers in ground pesticide applicators from Argentina. Heliyon [Internet]. 2021;7(9):e07921. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e07921 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e07921

12

12. Mahyuni EL. Faktor Risiko Dalam Penggunaan Pestisida Pada Petani Di Berastagi Kabupaten Karo 2014. J Kesehat Masy (Journal Public Heal. 2015;9(1):79–89. DOI: https://doi.org/10.12928/kesmas.v9i1.1554

13

13. Rosmawati H. Analisis Faktor-Faktor Produksi Pada Usaha Tani Kentang Di Desa Ujan Mas, Kecamatan Dempo Utara, Kota. Pagar Alam. Societa [Internet]. 2015;IV:59–61. Available from: https://jurnal.um-palembang.ac.id/societa/article/view/228/200

14

14. Safitri WFE, Septiawati D. Analisis Residu Pestisida Golongan Organofosfat pada Hasil Perkebunan Tomat di Kecamatan Dempo Selatan Kota Pagaralam. 2021 Feb 26 [cited 2023 Feb 15]; Available from: https://repository.unsri.ac.id/46497/

15

15. BPS PA. Kecamatan Dempo Selatan dalam Angka 2023. Satriajati S, Rani Aprillia Putri, editors. Pagar Alam: BPS Kota Pagar Alam; 2023.

16

16. Purba IG, Trisnaini I, Razak R. Keluhan Kesehatan Subjektif Akibat Pajanan Pestisida pada Petani Palawijaya di Kecamatan Dempo Utara Pagar Alam. J Kesehat Lingkung Indones. 2023;22(3):282–93. DOI: https://doi.org/10.14710/jkli.22.3.282-293

17

17. Maksuk M, Pratiwi D, Amin M, Suzzana S. Kadar Hemoglobin Pekerja Penyemprot Gulma Akibat Paparan Pestisida Di Perkebunan Kelapa Sawit. JPP (Jurnal Kesehat Poltekkes Palembang). 2019;14(1):45–52. DOI: https://doi.org/10.36086/jpp.v14i1.397

18

18. Kurniawidjaja LM, Lestari F, Tejamaya M, Ramdhan DH. Konsep Dasar Toksikologi Industri [Internet]. Fkm Ui. Jakarta: Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat Universitas Indonesia; 2021. 54–73 p. Available from: https://www.fkm.ui.ac.id/wp-content/uploads/2021/files/Buku_Toksikologi_Industri.pd

19

19. Nurhikmah OS, Darundiati YH. Relationship between Pesticide Exposure and Erythrocyte Amount in Holticultural Farmers in the District of Paal Merah, Jambi City. Int J Res Granthaalayah. 2018;6:248-253. DOI: https://doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v6.i11.2018.1122

20

20. Utami, N. T. S, Suhartono, Dewanti N. Faktor-Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Kejadian Anemia Pada Petani Di Dusun Candi Kecamatan Bandungan Kabupaten Semarang.le. MEDIA Kesehat Masy Indones. 2019;18:121–6.

21

21. Tudi M, Li H, Li H, Wang L, Lyu J, Yang L, et al. Exposure Routes and Health Risks Associated with Pesticide Application [Internet]. Vol. 10, Toxics. MDPI; 2022. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9231402/ DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/toxics10060335