Pengaruh Komitmen Manajemen, Fungsi Pengawasan dan Pengetahuan K3 Karyawan terhadap Pengendalian Tindakan Tidak Aman pada Komunitas Pekerja Pertambangan Batubara

Ahmad Subhan; Ari Hernawan; Astiti Tenriawaru Ahmad

doi:10.25311/keskom.Vol11.Iss3.2370

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Pengaruh Komitmen Manajemen, Fungsi Pengawasan dan Pengetahuan K3 Karyawan terhadap Pengendalian Tindakan Tidak Aman pada Komunitas Pekerja Pertambangan Batubara

Ahmad Subhan ¹

, Ari Hernawan ²

, Astiti Tenriawaru Ahmad ³

¹ Magister Terapan Keselamatan dan Kesehatan Kerja, Sekolah Vokasi, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

² Program Studi Magister Terapan Keselamatan dan Kesehatan Kerja, Sekolah Vokasi, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia; Fakultas Hukum, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

³ Fakultas Psikologi, Universitas Negeri Makassar, Makassar, Indonesia

Diterbitkan 2025-11-30

Vol. 11 No. 3 (2025) HALAMAN 458-468

DOI 10.25311/keskom.Vol11.Iss3.2370

Lihat / Unduh 3087 596

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Abstrak

Tindakan tidak aman (unsafe action) merupakan penyebab dominan kecelakaan kerja di sektor pertambangan batubara dengan kontribusi mayoritas insiden pada semester I tahun 2024. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh komitmen manajemen, fungsi pengawasan, dan pengetahuan K3 karyawan terhadap pengendalian tindakan tidak aman pada komunitas pekerja pertambangan batubara di Kabupaten Tapin, Kalimantan Selatan. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan mixed-methods dengan desain cross-sectional study. Populasi penelitian mencakup 4.704 karyawan PT A dengan sampel 374 responden yang dipilih menggunakan proportionate stratified random sampling. Instrumen penelitian berupa kuesioner tervalidasi yang telah melalui uji keterbacaan, validasi ahli (Aiken's V ≥0,75), dan uji reliabilitas (Cronbach's Alpha 0,884-0,931). Analisis data menggunakan Structural Equation Modeling-Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS) dengan software SmartPLS 4.0.9. Model struktural menunjukkan daya penjelas moderat-substansial (R²=0,593; Q²=0,364). Ketiga hipotesis diterima dengan signifikansi p<0,001. Pengetahuan K3 Karyawan merupakan prediktor terkuat (β=0,330; f²=0,172 medium), diikuti Komitmen Manajemen (β=0,283; f²=0,075 small) dan Faktor Pengawasan (β=0,274; f²=0,062 small). Konvergensi temuan kuantitatif dan kualitatif menunjukkan 50,5% responden menekankan pengetahuan K3 sebagai faktor paling berpengaruh, dengan 23,8% responden merekomendasikan prioritas pelatihan aplikatif. Pengendalian tindakan tidak aman lebih bergantung pada pengembangan kompetensi individual dibandingkan faktor organisasional, sejalan dengan Social Cognitive Theory. Temuan ini memiliki implikasi penting bagi kesehatan komunitas, karena peningkatan keselamatan kerja dapat mengurangi beban kecelakaan pada pekerja tambang dan keluarganya. Penelitian lanjutan disarankan menggunakan desain longitudinal untuk mengeksplorasi dampak jangka panjang program K3 terhadap kesehatan komunitas, melakukan analisis cost-benefit komprehensif, mengembangkan model family safety programs, dan mengeksplorasi mekanisme mediasi-moderasi menggunakan multilevel modeling.

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Pengaruh Komitmen Manajemen, Fungsi Pengawasan dan Pengetahuan K3 Karyawan terhadap Pengendalian Tindakan Tidak Aman pada Komunitas Pekerja Pertambangan Batubara

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