Pendidikan Kesehatan Berbasis Budaya pada Orang dengan Diabetes Mellitus: Sebuah Scoping Review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25311/keskom.Vol9.Iss2.1467Kata Kunci:
Pendidikan Kesehatan, Penyakit Kronik, Budaya DiabetesAbstrak
Pendidikan kesehatan manajemen diri dianggap sebagai elemen penting pengobatan untuk semua penderita diabetes, serta mereka yang berisiko dengan penyakit DMT2. Berbagai macam intervensi pendidikan manajemen diri diabetes (DSME) tersedia di negara-negara berpenghasilan tinggi, sedangkan informasi terbatas pendidikan kesehatan berbasis budaya ada pada di negara Asia. Tujuan dari scoping review ini untuk memetakan edukasi kesehatan yang berbasis budaya dalam hal strategi, hasil dan tindakan intervensi untuk meningkatkan hasil kesehatan dan kepatuhan orang dengan diabetes mellitus. Metode PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis) digunakan dari semua tahapan tinjauan. Database yang digunakan pada studi ini adalah Medline (OVID), Pubmed, ProQuest, CINAHL, Scopus, Informit Data dan Web of Science dari tahun 2010-2022. Pencarian manual pada database menghasilkan 197 data, 11 fulltext di inklusi untuk di review. Tiga bentuk integrasi budaya dalam edukasi kesehatan antara lain menggunakan dua bahasa dalam pemberian edukasi (Bahasa Spanyol dan Bahasa Inggris), membuat buku panduan dan kuesioner dalam Bahasa lokal, membuat dan memodifikasi program atau intervensi manajemen diri diabetes yang disesuaikan dengan budaya setempat misalnya dengan menggunakan contoh makanan yang dikonsumsi sehari-hari oleh suku tersebut. Kesimpulan penelitian ini yaitu pengembangan intervensi diabetes yang didukung keluarga dan budaya terintegrasi dengan pendidikan kesehatan merupakan bagian integral untuk mempertahankan perilaku manajemen diri dan meningkatkan hasil kesehatan untuk pasien dengan DMT2.
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