Analysis of Antibiotic use for Covid-19 Patients in the Isolation Room of the Hospital X Tipe D at Malang District

Authors

  • Retno Juwita Sari retno juwita
  • Rika Yulia Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Surabaya, Indonesia
  • Fauna Herawati Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Surabaya, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.25311/keskom.Vol9.Iss2.1268

Keywords:

: COVID-19; DDD/100 patient-day; Kriteria Gyssens; Penggunaan antibiotik

Abstract

COVID-19 cases by the end of 2019 have raised the number of respiratory tract infections; in addition, coinfection during COVID-19 pandemic is associated with disease severity, consequently,causes the number of deaths to surge. The use of antibiotics during the pandemic has evidently improved in a significant way, similar to the increased number of broad-spectrum prescriptions. This phenomenon potentially elevates the number of Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR); therefore, it is necessary to fortify supervision over the use of antibiotics during COVID-19 pandemic. Referring to this, the objective of the study is to evaluate the use of antibiotic during COVID-19 pandemic. This is an observational study conducted on adult subjects with confirmed COVID-19, with moderate to severe level of disease, whose data was collected retrospectively during the period of April 2020 – March 2021. The result confirmed 146 patients were treated as sample of the study, most of whomwere male (53.4%),and female was 46.6%.  The highest age group was 56 – 65 years old by 28.8%. The increase in leukocyte level > 1.000 was 31.5%. 8 (eight) types of antibiotics were used in high frequency, such as, injection levofloxacin antibiotics (50%),while frequently used combination antibioticswere ceftriaxone and levofloxacin (5.5%). Based on quantitative analysis, the total value was 60,54 DDD/100 patient-days, and the value of antibiotic with the highest DDD was levofloxacin 26.51 DDD/100 patient-days. Additionally, the result of analysis on the quality of antibiotics using Gyssens flowchart suggested 36.3% of the given antibiotic were considered as rational (category 0) and 46.6% of the given antibiotics had no indication of usage (category V). Prospective research is needed regarding the use of antibiotics.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

He S, Liu W, Jiang M, Huang P, Xiang Z, Deng D, et al. Clinical characteristics of COVID-19 patients with clinically diagnosed bacterial co-infection: A multi-center study. PLoS One [Internet]. 2021;16(4 April):1–12. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0249668

Chen X, Liao B, Cheng L, Peng X, Xu X, Li Y, et al. The microbial coinfection in COVID-19. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 2020;104(18):7777–85.

Lansbury L, Lim B, Baskaran V, Lim WS. Co-Infections in People with COVID-19: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. SSRN Electron J. 2020;(January).

PDPI, PERKI, PAPDI, PERDATIN, IDAI. Pedoman tatalaksana COVID-19 Edisi 3 Desember 2020 [Internet]. Pedoman Tatalaksana COVID-19. 2020. 36–37 p. Available from: https://www.papdi.or.id/download/983-pedoman-tatalaksana-covid-19-edisi-3-desember-2020

Gutiérrez-Abejón E, Tamayo E, Martín-García D, Javier Álvarez F, Herrera-Gómez F. Clinical profile, treatment and predictors during the first covid-19 wave: A population-based registry analysis from castile and leon hospitals. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020;17(24):1–15.

Cong W, Poudel AN, Alhusein N, Wang H, Yao G, Lambert H. Antimicrobial use in COVID-19 patients in the first phase of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic: Rapid review and evidence synthesis. medRxiv [Internet]. 2021;2021.02.18.21251932. Available from: http://medrxiv.org/content/early/2021/02/19/2021.02.18.21251932.abstract

KEMENKES. Kemenkes. Profil Kesehatan Indonesia 2020. 2020. 12–26 p.

Renate H. M. de Groot, Rebecca Emmett BJM. This peer-reviewed article has been accepted for publication but not yet copyedited or typeset, and so may be subject to change during the production process. The article is considered published and may be cited using its DOI. 10.1017/S0007114519000138. Cambridge Univ Press. 2019;(May 2020):1–24.

Fu L, Wang B, Yuan T, Chen X, Ao Y, Fitzpatrick T, et al. Clinical characteristics of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in China: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Infect [Internet]. 2020;80(6):656–65. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf.2020.03.041

Xu XW, Wu XX, Jiang XG, Xu KJ, Ying LJ, Ma CL, et al. Clinical findings in a group of patients infected with the 2019 novel coronavirus (SARS-Cov-2) outside of Wuhan, China: Retrospective case series. BMJ. 2020;368(January):1–7.

Zhao K, Li R, Wu X, Zhao Y, Wang T, Zheng Z, et al. Clinical features in 52 patients with COVID-19 who have increased leukocyte count: a retrospective analysis. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 2020;39(12):2279–87.

Langford BJ, So M, Raybardhan S, Leung V, Soucy JPR, Westwood D, et al. Antibiotic prescribing in patients with COVID-19: rapid review and meta-analysis. Clin Microbiol Infect [Internet]. 2021;27(4):520–31. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmi.2020.12.018

Asmarawati TP, Rosyid AN, Suryantoro SD, Mahdi BA, Windradi C, Wulaningrum PA, et al. The clinical impact of bacterial co-infection among moderate, severe and critically ill COVID-19 patients in the second referral hospital in Surabaya. F1000Research. 2021;10(May):1–16.

Putra DE, Pramudo SG, Arkhaesi N, Retnoningrum D. Pola Pemberian Antibiotik Di Era Pandemi Covid-19 (Studi Kasus Di Rumah Sakit Nasional Diponegoro). Medica Hosp J Clin Med. 2021;8(2):194–9.

Peraturan Menteri Kesehatan RI. Permenkes No. 28 tahun 2021 tentang pedoman penggunaan antibiotik. Peraturan Menteri Kesehatan RI. 2021. p. 1–97.

Submitted

2022-07-02

Accepted

2022-10-18

Published

2023-07-31

How to Cite

1.
Sari RJ, Yulia R, Herawati F. Analysis of Antibiotic use for Covid-19 Patients in the Isolation Room of the Hospital X Tipe D at Malang District. J Keskom [Internet]. 2023 Jul. 31 [cited 2024 Dec. 12];9(2):300-4. Available from: https://jurnal.htp.ac.id/index.php/keskom/article/view/1268

Similar Articles

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 > >> 

You may also start an advanced similarity search for this article.