Community Empowerment Assistance in Controlling Hypertension, Diabetes Mellitus, and Tuberculosis in Pajalesang Village, Soppeng Regency

Pendampingan Pemberdayaan Masyarakat dalam Pengendalian Hipertensi, Diabetes Melitus, dan Tuberkulosis di Kelurahan Pajalesang, Kabupaten Soppeng

Abstract

This community service program aimed to empower the community in the control of hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and tuberculosis through asset-based community development (ABCD) and human-centered design (HCD) approaches. The activity was conducted from January 5 to 19, 2026, in Pajalesang Village, Soppeng Regency, as part of Field Learning Practice (PBL) II of the Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University. Participants included village officials, health cadres, community leaders, and residents, with 10–15 attendees per session. Methods included focus group discussions (FGD) for problem identification, asset mapping assistance (six asset categories), root cause analysis (RCA) workshops using fishbone diagrams, and collaborative action plan development. Results showed that the root cause of hypertension was a high-salt and high-fat diet reinforced by the socio-cultural environment and low early detection awareness. The root cause of diabetes mellitus was lack of physical activity and unbalanced dietary patterns. The root cause of tuberculosis was low health literacy about TB, non-adherence to treatment, and household environmental conditions that supported transmission. Asset mapping identified local potentials, including health cadres, posyandu, puskesmas, mutual cooperation values and siri'na pacce, schools, mosques, and medical devices (sphygmomanometers and blood glucose testing devices). The program concludes that integrating ABCD and HCD approaches effectively identifies root causes and maps local assets as a basis for sustainable health interventions.

Abstrak

Kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk memberdayakan masyarakat dalam pengendalian hipertensi, diabetes melitus, dan tuberkulosis melalui pendekatan asset-based community development (ABCD) dan human-centered design (HCD). Kegiatan dilaksanakan pada tanggal 5–19 Januari 2026 di Kelurahan Pajalesang, Kabupaten Soppeng, dalam rangka Praktik Belajar Lapangan (PBL) II Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat Universitas Hasanuddin. Sasaran kegiatan meliputi aparat kelurahan, kader kesehatan, tokoh masyarakat, dan warga dengan jumlah peserta 10–15 orang setiap pertemuan. Metode pelaksanaan meliputi Focus Group Discussion (FGD) identifikasi masalah, pendampingan pemetaan aset (enam kategori aset), workshop analisis akar masalah menggunakan Root Cause Analysis (RCA) dengan diagram fishbone, serta penyusunan rencana aksi bersama masyarakat. Hasil kegiatan menunjukkan bahwa akar masalah hipertensi adalah pola makan tinggi garam dan lemak yang diperkuat budaya lingkungan sosial serta rendahnya deteksi dini. Akar masalah diabetes melitus adalah kurangnya aktivitas fisik dan pola konsumsi tidak seimbang. Akar masalah tuberkulosis adalah rendahnya literasi kesehatan tentang TB, ketidakpatuhan pengobatan, serta kondisi lingkungan rumah yang mendukung penularan. Pemetaan aset mengidentifikasi potensi lokal meliputi kader kesehatan, posyandu, puskesmas, nilai gotong royong dan siri'na pacce, sekolah, masjid, serta alat kesehatan (tensimeter, alat cek gula darah). Kegiatan ini menyimpulkan bahwa integrasi pendekatan ABCD dan HCD efektif dalam mengidentifikasi akar masalah dan memetakan aset lokal sebagai dasar intervensi kesehatan yang berkelanjutan.