Determinan Perawatan Bayi Berat Lahir Rendah di Wilayah Pertanian dan Pesisir Berperspektif Keluarga
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25311/keskom.Vol11.Iss2.2211Kata Kunci:
Berat Badan Lahir Rendah, perawatan, pertanian, pesisirAbstrak
Bayi berat lahir rendah (BBLR) di daerah pertanian dan pesisir memiliki masalah kesehatan yang berbeda sehingga mungkin memiliki kebutuhan perawatan yang berbeda. Promosi kesehatan anak khususnya BBLR baik di tatanan pelayanan klinik ataupun komunitas yang tidak sesuai dapat meningkatkan angka kesakitan dan kematian. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi faktor penentu pemenuhan kebutuhan perawatan BBLR berdasarkan perspektif keluarga di daerah pesisir dan pertanian. Penelitian observasional ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan kuesioner pada anak dan ibu di daerah pesisir dan pertanian. Multistage random cluster sampling dengan aplikasi G*Power mendapatkan193 partisipan yang dipilih dari setiap daerah, sehingga total sampel sebanyak 386. Analisis data dilakukan dengan menggunakan uji beda rerata dua wilayah. Hasil studi menunjukkan wilayah pertanian memiliki rerata lebih tinggi pada nilai perawatan BBLR, stres orang tua, dan pemberdayaan keluarga. Sedangkan wilayah pesisir memiliki rerata tinggi pada nilai kualitas hidup, kesiapan ibu merawat bayi, dan praktik keberagaman pangan. Terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan antara pesisir dan pertanian pada determinan pemenuhan kebutuhan BBLR terutama pada variabel kualitas hidup orang tua (p=0,000), stres orang tua (p=0,029), kesiapan ibu (p-0,000) dan pemberdayaan keluarga (p= 0,000). Optimalisasi promosi kesehatan oleh perawat anak dalam lingkup pelayanan rumah sakit maupun komunitas dapat dilakukan dengan memberdayakan keluarga dan memperhatikan faktor stres pengasuhan, kesiapan merawat, kepercayaan diri, dan kualitas hidup orang tua.
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